Grades & Chemical Composition

Grades

There are seven grades in ASTM B407. They are all nickel-iron-chromium alloys. This alloy is characterized by a good balance of price and performance. It can be said that it is a cost-effective alloy. Nickel is the basis for the high temperature resistance of this type of alloy. Chromium brings good oxidation resistance. The inclusion of iron in large quantities reduces the cost very well. In ASTM B407, Incoloy 800, Incoloy 800H, Incoloy 800HT are the three most commonly used alloys. Their chemical compositions are basically the same. The difference is that the carbon content of Incoloy 800H is more tightly controlled than that of Incoloy 800. Incoloy 800HT further controls the carbon, aluminum, and titanium content based on Incoloy 800H. Better compositional control results in better high-temperature creep strength and fatigue strength. In addition, Incoloy 890 is a high-performance alloy in the standard. It has more chromium added, which gives it even better oxidation resistance.

Chemical Composition

Incoloy 800 (UNS N08800)

Incoloy 800H (UNS N08810)

Incoloy 800HT (UNS N08811)

Incoloy 890 (UNS N08890)

The supplier shall perform the chemical analysis of the alloy in accordance with ASTM B829.

Product Properties

Products in ASTM B407

Incoloy 800
Seamless Pipe & Tube Incoloy 800H
Seamless Pipe & Tube Incoloy 800HT
Seamless Pipe & Tube Incoloy 890
Seamless Pipe & Tube

The ASTM B407 standard applies primarily to seamless pipe & tube products. Seamless pipe tube is a kind of pipe product without welded seams. It has better pressure resistance than welded pipe tube. Larger diameters are referred to as seamless pipe and smaller diameters are referred to as seamless tube. Seamless pipes in this standard is capable of transporting highly corrosive liquids at high temperatures and pressures.

Mechanical Properties

The materials in ASTM B407 are solid solution strengthened alloys. These alloys in the standard do not contain much effective solid solution strengthened elements (e.g., molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, etc.). Also, most of the seamless pipes tubes are delivered in the solution treated or annealed state. As a result, it is difficult for these alloys in the standard to have greater strength. These materials are not recommended if your project requires the material to withstand extreme stresses.

Delivery State

The material in ASTM B407 is delivered primarily in the annealed condition. It should be noted that for Incoloy 800, there is a difference in the mechanical properties required for hot working and cold working. In addition, Incoloy 800 can also be delivered directly in the hot-worked condition.

The standard specifies requirements for heat treatment regimes for individual grades. The supplier shall perform the final heat treatment of the material in accordance with the following requirements:

UNS N08120: 2150°F (1177°C) minimum

UNS N08810 (Incoloy 800H): 2050°F (1121°C) minimum

UNS N08811 (Incoloy 800HT), UNS N08890 (Incoloy 890): 2100°F (1149°C) minimum

UNS N06811: 1920°F (1050°C) minimum

Other Information

Dimension

The outer diameter and wall thickness of the material need to comply with the following table:

Grain Size

If delivered in the annealed condition, the following material needs to be guaranteed to have an average grain size of ASTM No. 5 or coarser:

N08120, N08810 (Incoloy 800H), N08811 (Incoloy 800HT), and UNS N08890 (Incoloy 890)

Length

When pipe or tube is ordered cut-to-length, the length shall not be less than that specified, but a variation of +1⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) will be permitted for cold-worked material and +3⁄16 in. (4.8 mm) for hot-finished tube, except that for lengths over 30 ft (9.1 m), a variation of +1⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) will be permitted.

Straightness

Cold-drawn material shall be reasonably straight and free of bends and kinks. The camber (depth of chord) of hot-finished tube 5 in. (127 mm) in outside diameter and under shall not exceed 0.01 in./ft (0.8 mm/m). For sizes over 5 in. in outside diameter, the camber shall not exceed 0.015 in./ft (1.4 mm/m).

Hydrostatic Test

The standard requires every seamless pipe & tube to be hydrostatically tested.

Certification

The supplier shall provide a compliant MATERIAL TEST CERTIFICATE before shipment. The document shall contain the following information:

Customer information, supplier information, grade, size, delivery status, heat number, chemical composition, mechanical properties and other necessary information.