Overview
Monel 400 and Hastelloy C-276 are both excellent corrosion-resistant alloys. However, from a chemical composition point of view, they are very different. Therefore, in practical applications, they often play different roles.
In this article we will compare Monel 400 and Hastelloy C-276 in detail from 11 aspects. I believe you will have a better understanding of the material selection of these two alloys in the future.
Basic Information
Name
Monel 400
UNS N04400
W.Nr. 2.4360
Brand
MONEL®
Matrix
Type
Solid Solution
Strengthened Alloy
Density
8.80 g/cm³
Use Temperature
Room Temperature
Name
Hastelloy C-276
UNS N10276
W.Nr. 2.4819
Brand
HASTELLOY®
Matrix
Type
Solid Solution
Strengthened Alloy
Density
8.89 g/cm³
Use Temperature
High Temperature
Introduction
Monel 400
MONEL® nickel-copper alloy 400 (UNS N04400 / W.Nr. 2.4360 and 2.4361) is a solid-solution alloy that can be hardened only by cold working. It has high strength and toughness over a wide temperature rangeand excellent resistance to many corrosive environments.
Hastelloy C-276
HASTELLOY® C-276 alloy (UNS N10276) was the first wrought, nickel-chromium-molybdenum material to alleviate concerns over welding (by virtue of extremely low carbon and silicon contents). As such, it was widely accepted in the chemical process and associated industries, and now has a 50-year-old track record of proven performance in a vast number of corrosive chemicals.
Chemical Composition
Purity
Monel 400
lose
Hastelloy C-276
WIN
Generally speaking, Hastelloy C-276 has stricter control of harmful elements than Monel 400. The main reason for this difference is that Monel 400 tends to be used at room temperature, while Hastelloy C-276 is used in a wider temperature range. At high temperatures, the microstructure of the alloy becomes more unstable. At this time, if the content of trace elements is too much, harmful phases will easily precipitate, which will seriously affect the instantaneous and durable properties of the alloy.
Corrosion Resistance
Monel 400
lose
Hastelloy C-276
WIN
Monel 400 and Hastelloy C-276 are both corrosion-resistant alloys. The difference is that the corrosion resistance of Monel 400 comes from the copper element, while the corrosion resistance of Hastelloy C-276 comes from chromium and molybdenum.
Copper and chromium are both antioxidant elements. The difference is that copper's oxidation resistance fails at high temperatures. Chromium maintains excellent oxidation resistance at any temperature.
Molybdenum is an element resistant to reducing corrosion. And its resistance to reducing corrosion can be maintained at most temperatures.
Therefore, there are two differences in the corrosion resistance of Monel 400 and Hastelloy C-276:
1) Monel 400 can only resist corrosion at room temperature, while Hastelloy C-276 can resist corrosive media over a wide temperature range.
2) The corrosion resistance of Monel 400 is limited to resistance to oxidation corrosion. Hastelloy C-276, which contains a large amount of molybdenum, has better overall corrosion resistance.
Mechanical Behavior
Monel 400
lose
Hastelloy C-276
WIN
Monel 400 and Hastelloy C-276 are both solid solution alloys. Therefore, they all have good plasticity.
However, Hastelloy C-276 has significantly higher strength. This is mainly due to the large amounts of molybdenum and tungsten in Hastelloy C-276. Both elements can effectively solid solution strengthen alloys. Monel 400 has almost no effective solid solution strengthening elements.
Physical Properties
Monel 400 | Hastelloy C-276 | |
---|---|---|
Density, g/cm³ | 8.80 | 8.89 |
Density, lb/in.³ | 0.318 | 0.321 |
Melting Range, °F | 2370-2460 | 2415-2500 |
Melting Range, °C | 1300-1350 | 1323-1371 |
Application
It can be seen that Hastelloy C-276 is more widely used than Monel 400. Moreover, Hastelloy can also be used for various applications of Monel 400. This is consistent with our analysis above.
Supported Products
Monel 400
Main Standards
Monel 400
Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tube: ASTM B163
Seamless Pipe and Tube: ASTM B165, ASTM B829
Welded Pipe: ASTM B725, ASTM B775
Welded Tube: ASTM B730, ASTM B751
Welded Fittings: ASTM B366
Rod, Bar, and Wire: ASTM B164
Forgings: ASTM B564
Plate, Sheet, and Strip: ASTM B127
Hastelloy C-276
/
Seamless Pipe and Tube: ASTM B622, ASTM B983
Welded Pipe: ASTM B619
Welded Tube: ASTM B626
Fittings: ASTM B366, ASTM B462
Billet, Rod and Bar: ASTM B574
Forgings: ASTM B564, ASTM B462
Plate, Sheet, and Strip: ASTM B575
Price
Monel 400
LOW
Hastelloy C-276
high
Since Hastelloy C-276 is better than Monel 400 in all aspects of performance, you must have guessed that Monel 400 has a certain price advantage.
First, Hastelloy C-276 contains a large amount of molybdenum and some tungsten. Prices for both metals are high. This makes its raw material cost higher than Monel 400.
Secondly, due to the solid solution strengthening effect of Hastelloy C-276, it is also more difficult to process, which increases the processing cost of the alloy.
Therefore, while Hastelloy C-276 can replace Monel 400 in most situations, it does so at a greater cost. This is why Monel 400 can still be widely used in the fields it is good at.
Conclusion
Hastelloy C-276 has better high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and strength than Monel 400. However, Monel 400 has a lower price. Therefore, in the fields where Monel 400 is applicable, it is more cost-effective. However, at high temperatures, Hastelloy C-276 should be chosen.
We offer very cost-effective Monel 400 and Hastelloy C-276 materials. If you have any needs in this regard, please do not hesitate to contact us.